Women wear bright colours and of lighter weights. Sitarah Mohammadi is a former Hazara refugee from Afghanistan, who spent 2019 as a Provost Scholar at the University of Oxford, undertaking studies in International Relations, and completed a dissertation on Australias refugee policy. Hazaras are predominantly Shia Muslims, with some Ismaili and Sunni Muslims. The authors deliberate incorporation of Afghan and American settings over a 3-decade time frame successfully illustrates the differences and similarities between Eastern culture and Western culture, as well as highlighting the harm each culture cultivates. Hassan later on gets killed for being a Hazara. Due to Hassan being a Hazara, Baba avoids social embarrassment by not exposing the truth of Hassan being his son. In the novel The Kite Runner, the protagonist, Amir, is a young boy growing up in a well off family in Kabul, Afghanistan. It is one that is bittered by a lot of grievance and sometimes outright hatred but calmed and humanized by the realities of the world. By now there is a clear pattern of Talibanatrocitiesbeing committed across Afghanistan, which could mean that the Hazaras may befacingimminentethnic cleansing. The exact number of Hazara is unknownestimates vary wildlybut the total reckons confidently in the millions. The Hazaras concluded the most deals, he said. Difference Between Pashtun And Hazara. The international community must pressure the Taliban to guarantee the protection of the rights of the Hazara people, to ensure a genocide against them does not take place. Sajjad Askary is a Hazara refugee from Afghanistan, has a BA graduate in International Relations, and is a current student of Juris Doctor (Law) at Monash University Law School in Australia. Lantern, vol. The Hazara speak an eastern variety of Persian called Hazaragi with many Mongolian and Turkic words. Therefore, it is unlikely that it would take any significant steps to protect the Shia of Afghanistan. You say that the hazaras are shia muslims. Hundreds have been killed and thousands displaced by the fighting, which began in late October. The Hazaras living here [in Ghazni] have no problem with their neighboring communities. = 768 && window.innerWidth<1180" Living primarily in the rugged highlands in the countrys centre, the Hazaras are one of Afghanistans largest ethnic minorities, accounting for up to 20 percent of Afghanistans 30 million inhabitants. Hazaras were sold as slaves as late as the 19th century. Other reason why the Hazaras have been discriminated by Pashtun is their appearance that look like Chinese people. There are 14 nationally recognized ethnic groups in Afghanistan, including Tajiks, Pashtuns, Hazaras, Uzbeks and others who make up less than 2% each. "They particularly targeted the Hazaras and repeatedly kidnapped them. With a longhistory of persecution, including by the Taliban, the Hazaras areright to fear a genocide. The only hope for the Hazara people is that the international community will stay true to its own commitments to human rights and pressure the Taliban into concessions. The aims of this study are to find out the causes of racial discrimination, to analyze examples of racial discrimination, and to analyze the impacts of racial discrimination as depicted in The Kite Runner. What is more, the group has also clearly declared that it will only accept Hanafi jurisprudence, which would effectively precludeany accommodation of the Shia Islamic law and valuesfollowed by Hazaras. The Taliban gave Gulsom two days to leave her home with her husband and their three young daughters. The return of the Taliban to power in Kabul has meant not only a rollback of the limited social gains the Hazaras had achieved, but also new atrocities against the community. Additionally, Hassan would have never been raped by Assef, because Assef would have never had the idea to be racist towards Hassan. According to the representative survey, 43% of the population identifies as Pashtun, 27% as Tajik, 15% as Hazara, 8% as Uzbek, 2% as . Human Rights Watch estimated that at least 2,000 people of different ethnic communities, including Hazaras, were killed and according to estimates by Hazara groups, the death toll may be as high as15,000. They are Islam and mostly speak Dari as well as Pashtu, Turkic, and Baluchi. Pashtun as the majority race and ethnic in Afghanistan is Sunni Moslem while Hazara is Shi'a. IS has invariably claimed such attacks in an apparent retaliation for the participation of thousands of Hazaras in Iran-backed militias in Syria. One of the major differences between them is that they both generally follow different branches of Islam and thus their fundamental principles are different. Key Difference: Hazaras are members of an Afghan ethnic minority group, whereas the Pashtuns are a united group of tribes composing the largest ethnic group of Afghanistan. Lets get united and defend our land and love ones from our enemies. Image Courtesy: hazara.net, en.wikipedia.org. Who are the Hazaras, one of Afghanistan's threatened minorities? The conflict between the Pashtuns and Hazaras in The Kite Runner directly reflects the real life issues in. Pashtun as the majority race and ethnic in Afghanistan is Sunni Moslem while Hazara is Shi'a. The relationship between Pashtuns and Punjabis in Pakistan is different from and yet comparable to the relationship between Hazaras and Pashtuns in Afghanistan. Company Information; FAQ; Stone Materials. Highlighting the power relations between the Hazaras and the Pashtuns who benefited from the extension of state authority into Hazara areas, Canfield (1972, p.6) described the process as the 'effective subjugation of one ethnic group by another, and of one religious sect by another - a situation, which I suggest, progressively appears more . In the capital, Kabul, Hazaras have suffered repeated violence. Interviews with several Ghazni residents established that under such an understanding the Taliban allowed schools, other government institutions, services, and projects to function unhindered in Hazara communities while preventing them from operating in Pashtun-populated regions. He says an increase in the number of rural territories controlled by the Taliban has prompted authorities across the country to engage in secret local deals. Hazara Afghans are among the millions of refugees fleeing to Europe in search of a better future. similarities between Pashtun and Hazara At least 5 please :) Expert Answer Answer:- Some of the key facts that I am presenting to you- you can see the similarities on the basis of Hazara Centered in the mountainous central region of Afghanistan. Whats the difference between a Pashtun and an Afghan? Amir lives in Kabul, Afghanistan. Unfortunately, the Taliban continued to harass and murder the Hazara people while they were in power. They primarily worship a single god named as Allah. As a result of this discrimination, the violence experienced in Kabul, shape the rest of Amirs. However, we both practice the religion very differently and have very different perspectives. similarities between pashtuns and hazaras steve dulcich vineyard June 23, 2022. how much is the wimbledon trophy worth . Understanding the differences between these two groups helps you understand the relationships in the story. Moreover, racial discrimination in The Kite Runner causes some bad impacts to psychological health as well as to society. When Amir showed the history book on the Hazaras to his teacher, he reacted with disgust, The following week, after class, I showed the book to my teacher and pointed to the chapter on the Hazaras. The conflict between the Hazara and the Pashtun people is the whole reason this book is even a book! Sociological approach and theories on racism and racial discrimination are used in this study. The Hazaras are also seen as the weakest and poorest race in Afghanistan, so that they are easily subjected to be killed, insulted, and tortured by Pashtuns. The history of the Hazaras is not taught in school solely because of their beliefs. In early June, 25 Hazara men and women travelling in the northern province of Saripul were taken hostage by armed attackers. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. This shows that all Pashtuns are Johnson 6 not bad and that some even fall in love with Hazaras. The local Hazara population has been estimated at 500,000 people of which at least one third have spent more than half their life in Iran. These experiences have led some to consider Hazaras to be one of themost persecuted people in the world. The Taliban referred to the IS militants as Uzbekistanis to distinguish them from Uzbeks in Afghanistan. Pashtuns follow and live by a 2000-year-old law called "Pashtunwali" which tells them how to behave in society. Change). This man, he said, was the main contact between Hazaras and the insurgents in Jaghori. Pashtun as the majority race and ethnic in Afghanistan is Sunni Moslem while Hazara is Shia. Omissions? A Pashtun is the other ethnic group in Afghanistan, and this is also the largest ethnic group in Afghanistan. The 2004 Afghanistan Constitution ( PDF ) granted Hazaras equal rights, and they were well-represented in the administration of former Afghan President Hamid Karzai. His best friend Hassan lives with him and is his best friend. The novels plot centres around interactions between Amir and his friend Hassan along with the struggles they face in their lives. Whats the difference between the Pashtuns and the Hazaras? Their Asiatic features and language a dialect of Persian set them apart from other Afghans, including the predominant ethnic Pashtun. After 2001, the Hazaras also continued to suffertargeted violenceat the hands of the Taliban and other armed groups. If there was no fight between the Hazara and Pashtun people, then Baba would have been . The understanding was that the Taliban will not be harmed by the Hazaras while members of Hazara militias, too, will refrain from traveling to regions controlled by the Taliban, Mutmaeen told Radio Free Afghanistan. Home; About Us. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. They feel they should still be servants and labourers., READ MORE: Desperate journeys persecuted Hazara flee Afghanistan. The mostly young protesters were demanding the government do more to protect Hazara civilians in Ghazni. Hazaras are not Muslims, you can kill them, Taliban commander Maulawi Mohammed Hanif reportedly told a crowd in Northern Afghanistan in the mid-1990s. similarities between pashtuns and hazaras. Hassans looks and and social standing are solely because he is a Hazara, and it something that all Hazaras can not stray from. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Fake info, the most hazaras are soennie muslim. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Indeed, the main stakes and conflicts arise among the heirs of the same man, especially among sedentary farmers. Poverty in the region and ongoing conflict since the Afghan War (197892) have dispersed many of the Hazara throughout Afghanistan. The reason the Hazara people were and are dispised is because they are known as the lower class people since they had no access to education, they couldn't succeed, and they continued to be poor and despised. Due to the persecution of the Hazara people in Afghanistan and Pakistan, in 2012 he sought asylum by boat in Australia. He does this by developing universal themes which demonstrate that Afghans and Americans. I am fighting against the Taliban and those attacking our civilians, he said. It must honour thecommitmentofnever again in the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. Hazaras are also considered to be Turko-Mongol as they look like Mongolians and East Asians whereas they share a cultural background with the Turkic people of Central Asia. Archetypes In The Kite Runner. Ajvarski, Donkey's Ear, Gatherer's Gold, Jimmy Nardello, Lipstick, Melrose, Gypsy F1 hybrid, Mareko Fana, Stocky Red Roaster, Red Wonder, Little Bells and Sirenevyi are all discussed here. Mentioned among the Basseri and the Shahsevan of Iran, Footnote 16 this practice also existed in Afghanistan before 1978 between Pashtun nomads and Hazara farmers, even though their relations were often tense. In 1998, as the armed group was attempting to establish full control over Afghanistan, it laid a siege on Hazarajat, blocking supply routes andstarvingthe civilian population. The disparity between social classes is evident in The Kite Runner between Amir and Hassan. The Hazara people felt like their rights were being violated, so they fought back, unfortunately; more than 60% of the Hazara people were sold and killed while fighting for their rights. What happened between the Pashtuns and Hazaras? In the late 19th century, Pashtun ruler Abdur Rahman Khan sought to bring the Hazara people in their homeland of Hazarajat under his rule. If we are united no one would dare to break us. In 2013, German restorers from a UNESCO advisory body built pillars with feet-like bases on the site, reigniting the debate. They are therefore regrded as a separate ethnic group in Afghanistan. This is why the Taliban first attacked Shujae and then extended their fighting into Malistan and Jaghori districts in [neighboring Ghazni Province], he said. Footnote 14 Their way of interacting has some similarities with friendship, even if the terms dust, yar or rafiq . Hazaras are an ultimately low class in Afghanistan with very minimal rights. Parts of central Afghanistan, like Bamiyan, the unofficial Hazara capital, are among the countrys poorest, often lacking basic facilities and electricity. The caste system played a major part in the violence Amir experienced in this story. Later in the book, Hassan and his wife are staying at Babas old house. Etymology. The risk of ethnic cleansing and evengenocidethat they face should be a matter of international concern and international human rights bodies need to take action. You put a Pashtun next to a sindhi or us next to a tamil. The Pashtuns and Hazaras are two particular ethnic groups that have clashed throughout history. Sew unique designs on their clothes and wear small hats made of silk. This article has been written to provide a generalised information on these ethnic groups. Afghanistan is the land of the Pashtunsnot the flat-nosed Hazaras, these people pollute our homeland. The Taliban find out and dont believe they are living there because they are Hazara. A history of atrocities against the Hazaras As one of the largest ethnic groups in Afghanistan, the Hazara people have endured various forms of oppression from Pashtun rulers and governments,. But the Taliban fighters active here come from various regions and ethnic groups of Afghanistan. The Hazara people are mainly comprised of Shi'a Muslims, with small minority (5%) of Sunni Muslims. The social hierarchy that declares the Hazara people below Amir, shows how the long history of discrimination is hard to overcome. Few major differences have been mentioned in the table:-. Handayani, Fadlilah S. "Racial Discrimination Towards the Hazaras as Reflected in Khaled Hosseini's the Kite Runner." The fighting is tinged by ethnic tensions as many Taliban leaders and cadres are ethnic Pashtuns. This has resulted in their systemic lack of political power and influence in a Sunni Muslim . Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Hassan, a hare-lipped Hazara boy in the novel, feels the pain and torture of simply being who he was and endures the hardships of his ethnicity, but yet he never complains or wishes to change who he is, symbolizing his bravery. Key Difference: Hazaras are members of an Afghan ethnic minority group, whereas the Pashtuns are a united group of tribes composing the largest ethnic group of Afghanistan. In The Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini uses these intense conflicts to develop characters relationships and forces the reader to consider how the main characters loss of innocence stems from a need of approval and ethnic and religious discrimination. The religious and cultural definition requires Pashtuns to be Muslim and follow the Pashtunwali codes. These choices result in Amir destroying his relationship with Hassan. One of the most brutal events took place in the city of Mazar-i-Sharif in 1998, when thousands of Hazaras were systematically executed, according to a Human Rights Watch report . Pashtuns and Hazaras differ in terms of religious beliefs, cultural practices, social status, and physical appearances. The Hazaras are also seen as the weakest and poorest race in Afghanistan, so that they are easily subjected to be killed, insulted, and tortured by Pashtuns. In the novel, Amir is the story teller and a Pashtun, while his best friend Hassan is the son of a servant and a Hazara. Because of the contrasting history of the two groups, their responses to the Taliban's takeover of Kabul were complete opposites. Some beliefs include the evil eye, ghosts, and several other superstitions about animals and nighttime. They tell stories of their history, their ancestors, and their heroes. He says this agreement collapsed after fighting broke out between Hazara commander Abdul Hakim Shujae and the Taliban in Uruzgan Province in October. Dari, a form of Persian, also called Khorasani Persian. We are all human being then Muslims and then Afghans. Amir has to face that fact he is disloyal to his relationship with Hassan and begins personal growth. In late September and early October, reports in Western media emerged of mass evictions of Hazara people from their ancestral homes and lands in Daykundi province. The Hazaras had darker skin, flattened noses, and slanted eyes.
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