Part two of the book, "European Races in History," attempts to demonstrate that history and human progress can be explained entirely in terms of race. Women in all human races, as the females among all mammals, tend to exhibit the older, more generalized and primitive traits of the past of the race. As the vice president of the Immigration Restriction League, Grant argued that immigration quotas at the time needed to be reduced. The Nordics are, all over the world, a race of soldiers, sailors, adventurers, and explorers, but above all, of rulers, organizers, and aristocrats in sharp contrast to the essentially peasant character of the Alpines. Part two, "European Races in History," contains fourteen chapters that trace the prehistory of Europe, outline the purported differences between the three European races that Grant claims exist, and detail the origin and achievements of the allegedly superior Nordic race. In The Passing of the Great Race, Grant argues that there are three distinct European races and that the supposedly superior Nordic race is responsible for most notable human achievements and progress. A record of the desperate efforts of the conqueror classes in India to preserve the purity of their blood persists until this very day in their carefully regulated system of castes. "Reviewed Work(s): The Passing of the Great Race or the Racial Basis of European History by Madison Grant. The message was anti-democratic and anti-Christian, which did not sit well with the patriotic public. The Passing of the Great Race helped legitimize concepts of biological race and encouraged scientific racism in the US. The publisher marketed The Passing of the Great Race as a scientific book, but according to a review by Frederick Adams Woods, Grant intentionally wrote the book without any footnotes or in-text citations to make it more accessible and interesting to the public. In contrast, what Galton called negative eugenics programs attempt to prevent the reproduction of people eugenicists judged to be, to use Grants terms, defective and worthless. The unfortunate fact that nearly all species of men interbreed freely leaves us no choice in the matter. By allowing only people who they believed to be of good stock to have children, eugenicists claimed that governments could eradicate disease and disability and curb overpopulation. The value and efficiency of a population are not numbered by what the newspapers call souls, but by the proportion of men of physical and intellectual vigor. "Whose Country is This? Yet, while Grant allowed Mediterraneans to have abilities in art, as quoted above, later in the text in a sop to Nordic Migration Theorists, he remarked that true Mediterranean achievements were only through admixture with Nordics: This is the race that gave the world the great civilizations of Egypt, of Crete, of Phoenicia including Carthage, of Etruria and of Mycenean Greece. With the support of his friend Theodore Roosevelt, who later served as the twenty-sixth President of the United States from 1901 to 1909, Grant co-founded the New York Zoological Society in 1895 and the Bronx Zoo in 1899 to promote wildlife conservation and the study of animals. The virile blood of the Spanish conquistadores, who are now little more than a memory in Central and South America, died out from these causes. He supposes the existence of events and contacts and movements without support, neglects the facts that contradict his models, and emphasises beyond all reason heredity over environment (as racists do). Grant expounds a theory of Nordic superiority, claiming that the "Nordic race" is inherently superior to other human "races". Heinrich Himmler's Lebensborn ("Fount of Life") Society was formed to preserve typical Nordic genes, such as blond hair and blue eyes, by sheltering blonde, blue-eyed women. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. In the brief chapter "Racial Aptitudes," Grant claims that people largely inherit moral, intellectual, and spiritual traits, which results in different racial aptitudes. Nordic theory, in Grant's formulation, was largely copied from the work of Arthur de Gobineau that appeared in the 1850s, except that Gobineau used the study of language while Grant used physical anthropology to define races. Like the seagoing vessels, they traveled a fluid sea. Nordic theory, however, further subdivided Caucasoids into three groups: Nordics (who inhabited Scandinavia, northern Germany, Austria-Hungary, parts of England, Scotland and Ireland, Holland, Flanders, parts of northern France, parts of Russia and northern Poland, and parts of Central Europe), Alpines (whose territory stretched from central Europe, parts of northern Italy, southern Poland to the Balkans/Southeastern Europe, central/southern Russia, Turkey and even into Central Asia), and Mediterraneans ("substantial part of the population of the British Isles, the great bulk of the population of the Iberian Peninsula, nearly one-third of the population of France, Liguria, Italy south of the Apennines and all the Mediterranean coasts and islands, in some of which like Sardinia it exists in great purity. The underlying idea seems to be that if publication can be suppressed the facts themselves will ultimately disappear. Furthermore, Grant warns of the dangers of what he calls race suicide, where the superior Nordic race declines in population numbers through low birth rates and frequent wars, while inferior races grow in numbers by having more children and ultimately replace the allegedly superior races. Each race differs in the relative proportion of what we may term good and bad strains, just as nations do, or, for that matter, sections and classes of the same nation. The book is short and sweet, getting straight to the point without much complication. The passing of the great race; or, The racial basis of European history The list of venues that no longer host organized races is countless. [6] Terms of Service (last updated 12/31/2014). The most primitive Aryan languages, namely, Lettish, Lithuanian and the recently extinct Old Prussian, are found in this neighborhood and here we are not far from the original Nordic homeland. From barely-used Formula 1 circuits to shuttered . This is matter of every-day observation and the working of this law of nature is not influenced or affected by democratic institutions or by religious beliefs. According to Andrew S. Winston, who studies how psychology has historically been used by racist movements, Grant did this to avoid anti-German sentiment of World War I, which was occurring at the time that Grant published The Passing of the Great Race. DescriptionPassing of the Great Race - Map 4.jpg "Present Distribution of the European Races", map from American eugenicist Madison Grant's1916 book, The Passing of the Great Race. "Passing of the Great Race (1916)." As a result, Grant believes that democracies that average people run are less efficient than aristocracies ruled by men qualified by noble birth. The passing of the great race: or, The racial basis of European history. Whenever we find blondness among the darker races of the earth we may be sure some Nordic wanderer has passed that way. Three hundred years later the great Muscovite expansion began, first over the steppes to the Urals and then across Siberian tundras and forests to the waters of the Pacific, taking up in its course much Mongolian blood, especially during the early stages of its advance. ", Woods, Frederick Adams. Spiro articulates that Hitlers manifesto Mein Kampf (My Struggle) contains passages that seem directly inspired by The Passing of the Great Race. Both divided mankind into primarily three distinct races: Caucasoids (based in Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia), Negroids (based in Sub-Saharan Africa), and Mongoloids (based in Central and Eastern Asia). Grant also supports eugenics, advocating the sterilization of "undesirables", a treatment possibly to be extended to "types which may be called weaklings" and "perhaps ultimately to worthless race types": A rigid system of selection through the elimination of those who are weak or unfitin other words social failureswould solve the whole question in one hundred years, as well as enable us to get rid of the undesirables who crowd our jails, hospitals, and insane asylums. The population of the so-called Baltic provinces of Russia is everywhere Nordic and their affinities are with Scandinavia and Germany rather than with Slavic Moscovy. To what extent the Mediterranean race entered into the blood and civilization of Rome, it is now difficult to say, but the traditions of the Eternal City, its love of organization, of law and military efficiency, as well as the Roman ideals of family life, loyalty, and truth, point clearly to a Nordic rather than to a Mediterranean origin. An acutely prophetic "no more brother wars" book, published in 1916. anyone who doesnt believe that this book has been the basis for Western policy for the last 75 years either hasnt read it or hasnt turned their head from side to side and looked around. [citation needed], Grant became a part of popular culture in 1920s America. The Fhrer himself raved aboutThe Passing, calling it my Bible, and it was entered into evidence at the Nuremberg war crimes trials in defense of Hitlers personal physician to show that specifically American theories of white racial superiority supported the crimes against humanity with which he was chargedforced sterilization, for instance, or unnecessary and experimental surgery performed without anesthesia. This IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced typographical errors, and jumbled words. "Dr. Elizabeth Vaquera." Interesting efforts to improve the quality as well as the quantity of the population, however, will probably be made in more than one country after the war [World War I] has ended. Part one, "Race, Language, and Nationality," is composed of seven chapters that detail Grants racial theories and advocate for eugenics programs such as forced sterilization and strict laws against marriage between people of different races. Author F. Scott Fitzgerald made a lightly disguised reference to Grant in The Great Gatsby. In consequence of this change our immigrants now largely represent lowly refugees from "persecution," and other social discards. The US Congress did not adjust the quotas in the following decades to accommodate Jewish refugees fleeing the genocide committed by Nazi Germany. Some of those Nazi anthropologists, such as Eugen Fischer and Hans F. K. Gnther, were even friends with Grant and stayed in contact with him until his death according to Spiro. According to Spiro, German anthropologists involved in the passage of the law were influenced by Grants advocacy for forced sterilizations that he put forth in his book. What's that you say? The Passing of the Great Race : Grant, Madison - Internet Archive The first section deals with the basis of race as well as Grant's own stances on political issues of the day (eugenics). . The passing of the great race; or, The racial basis of European history (IA cu31924029874330).pdf 762 1,235, 288 pages; 5.31 MB The passing of the great race; or, The racial basis of European history (IA passingofgreatra01gran).pdf 850 1,316, 530 pages; 26.95 MB The Passing of the Great Race book cover.jpg 608 973; 458 KB The passage of the Immigration Act of 1924 significantly limited the quota of immigrants from southern and eastern Europe, who Grant claimed were undesirable, and prevented nearly all immigration from east Asia. Nascar Race Hub analysts Chad Knaus and Aric Almirola discussed the possibilities of Kyle Busch's chances of passing the late great Dale Earnhardt 76 career cup series win. Grant uses the cephalic index, which is a ratio of skull width to skull length, eye color, hair color, and height to classify people into three European races of Alpine, Mediterranean, and Nordic, the latter of whom he calls the white man par excellence. These center around the growing numbers of immigrants from non-Nordic Europe. A.B.S. War is in the highest sense dysgenic rather than eugenic. Cover of the 2012 Wermod & Wermod-edition, http://shop.wermodandwermod.com/the-passing-of-the-great-race.html, http://www.wermodandwermod.com/authors.html, http://en.metapedia.org/m/index.php?title=The_Passing_of_the_Great_Race&oldid=466031. Buy It Now. This book remains a compelling argument for the defense of unique racial identities in opposition to the homogenization being promoted by liberalism and multiculturalism" - John Morgan, Arktos Media. "The Supreme Court Ruling that led to 70,000 Forced Sterilizations." 2, No. He reasons that the Nordic races would become extinct and the United States as it was known would cease to exist, being replaced by a fragmented country, or a corrupted caricature of itself. A second revised edition of the book published in 1918, followed by a third revised edition in 1920. He also attributed criticism of the first edition of the book to widespread anti-German sentiment during World War I. Franz Boas, a Jewish immigrant from Germany and professor of anthropology at Columbia University in New York City wrote one of the most critical reviews of The Passing of the Great Race. A disturbing book to read when considering that Madison Grant was a strong influencer of the early eugenicists in the USA (Davenport most specifically) and that his unscientific musings on the use of skulls shape and language as evidence of racial superiority and weakness. For the world's future the destruction of wealth is a small matter compared with the destruction of the best human strains, for wealth can be renewed while these strains of the real human aristocracy once lost are lost forever. Democratic theories of government in their modern form are based on dogmas of equality formulated some hundred and fifty years ago and rest upon the assumption that environment and not heredity is the controlling factor in human development. Bestel The Passing of the Great Race van Madison Grant Voor 23:00 besteld, morgen in huis! [8], By 1937, the book sold 17,000 copies in the U.S. To imitate or to adopt what others have invented is not genius but mimicry. [7] Thus, whenever such traits were found in a non-Nordic culture, Grant said that they were evidence of a Nordic influence or admixture, rather than casting doubt on their supposed exclusive Nordic origin. 2016 marks a century since the publication of The Passing of the Great Race, a book described by the late paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould as "the most influential tract of American scientific racism."Its author, Madison Grant, a genteel dabbler with impeccable . To utilize and adapt to human needs the forces and the raw materials of nature, to invent new processes, to establish new principles, and to elucidate and unravel the laws that control the universe call for genius. [4]:160 This part of the book ties together strands of speculation regarding Aryan migration theory, ethnology, anthropology, and history into a broad survey of the historical rise and fall, and expansion and retraction, of the European races from their homelands. The mental characteristics of the Mediterranean race are well known, and this race, while inferior in bodily stamina to both the Nordic and the Alpine, is probably the superior of both, certainly of the Alpines, in intellectual attainments. According to Spiro, the public debate inspired by the books publication contributed to the passage of the Immigration Act of 1924 that restricted immigration to the US for forty years. The fact that the blood shows as "blue" through the fair Nordic skin is also to be taken into account. The Passing of the Great Race draws so heavily on Ripleys data that the book is one of only two references explicitly noted by Grant in his introduction to the first edition. Blond hair also comes everywhere from the Nordic subspecies and from nowhere else. Despite Boass objections, many scientists praised The Passing of the Great Race, particularly for its value in communicating racial science to the public. They either died childless or left half breeds behind them. Madison Grant publishes The Passing of the Great Race In the Europe of to-day the amount of Nordic blood in each nation is a very fair measure of its strength in war and standing in civilization. Efforts to increase the birth rate of the genius producing classes of the community, while most desirable, encounter great difficulties. The second chapter, "Paleolithic Man," draws directly from Henry Fairfield Osborns Men of the Old Stone Age. "The Passing of the Great Race" at 100 Bunk - Bunk History Outdated, full of Nordic Rassenkunde, but somehow appealing within its mythology. The book received positive reviews in the 1920s, but Grant's popularity declined in the 1930s. "The Passing of the Great Race" @100 - Public Books This new edition supercedes all others in many respects. In the introduction, Grant expresses that his goal in the book is to explain European history in terms of race, or physical and mental characteristics that he claims are inherited and unchangeable. Osborn was a paleontologist and president of the American Museum of Natural History in New York City and one of Grants closest friends. Acting as an expert on world racial data, Grant also provided statistics for the Immigration Act of 1924 to set the quotas on immigrants from certain European countries. The first two chapters, "Introduction" and "Race and Democracy," criticize American democracy. The Passing of the Great Race: Or the Racial Basis of E Grant uses his hand-waving to order the "races" of the world, and big spoiler: the tall, fair people are on top, the short, dark people are on the bottom, and the middle is occupied by vast numbers of the "suspiciously swarthy". Nature had granted to the Americans of a century ago the greatest opportunity in recorded history to produce in the isolation of a continent a powerful and racially homogeneous people and had provided for the experiment a pure race of one of the most gifted and vigorous stocks on earth, a stock free from the diseases, physical and moral, which have again and again sapped the vigor of the older lands. Particularly striking about Grant is his lack of originalityhis skill at reproducing as his own the conventional wisdom of white supremacy. Or the racial basis of European history Definite traces remain of the blood of the Mongols both in isolated and compact groups in south Russia and also scattered throughout the whole country as far west as the German boundary. US Senator David Reed co-sponsored the act, so it is also called the Johnson-Reed Act. The Passing of the Great Race is an article from Geographical Review, Volume 2. The American sold his birthright in a continent to solve a labor problem. "Whether or not one agrees with his theories, Madison Grant's work continues to remind us of the genuine, time-less issues at stake beneath the day-to-day political rhetoric of our times. My favorite personally is his cover for the 2012 edition of Madison Grant's The Passing of The Great Race, with a foreword by none other than Jared Taylor, with his name printed on the front cover. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. He advocates for a significant expansion of laws that condemn the marriage of people of different races, and even goes so far as to argue that the birth of mixed-race people should be considered racial crimes. andrea@archive.org The Passing of the Great Race: Or, The Racial Basis of European History Madison Grant C. Scribner's sons, 1922 - Caucasian race - 476 pages 1 Review Reviews aren't verified, but Google checks. I do recommend looking into modern day research on this topic. He also mentions that the expansion of non-Nordic race types in the Nordic system of freedom would actually mean a slavery to desires, passions, and base behaviors. Due to a planned power outage on Friday, 1/14, between 8am-1pm PST, some services may be impacted. The coast of Finland is as a result Swedish and the natives of the interior have distinctly Nordic characters with the exception of the skull, which in its roundness shows an Alpine cross. In the crossing of the blond and brunet elements of a population, the more deeply rooted and ancient dark traits are prepotent or dominant. In Hindustan the blond Nordic invaders forced their Aryan language on the aborigines, but their blood was quickly and utterly absorbed in the darker strains of the original owners of the land. ", Serwer, Adam. Whether we like to admit it or not, the result of the mixture of two races, in the long run, gives us a race reverting to the more ancient, generalized and lower type. Holocaust Encyclopedia. They did not take their women with them. Philanthropy and noble purpose dictated the doctrine expressed in the Declaration of Independence, the document which to-day constitutes the actual basis of American institutions. The individual himself can be nourished, educated and protected by the community during his lifetime, but the state through sterilization must see to it that his line stops with him, or else future generations will be cursed with an ever increasing load of misguided sentimentalism. It is well-nigh impossible to publish in the American newspapers any reflection upon certain religions or races which are hysterically sensitive even when mentioned by name.